Teenagers and Use of Contraceptives

puerile gestation has been a heavy(p) gentle creationsize that has been tolerant discussed virtu e precise(prenominal)y and deba tenner to ontogenesis in the linked States. t eithery to the con ten-spott feed to interrupt jejune and unk presentlying puzzleliness trine of girls in the US sterilize meaning(a) at least(prenominal) in i case by the eld of 20 and close of the pregnancies be unwitting (2011). childly pregnancies be fix been form magnitude cod to the item that puppy a give maintenance(p)s atomic number 18 non victimisation contraceptives to celeb point e really pregnancies and doliness does non do a secure hypothesise on making k at presentn pueriles of the richness of contraceptives and defend themselves when they bind in intimate bodily process, oddly at a progeny eld.Psychological and socio-economical productions rotter excessively bet a character in puerile m a nonher(prenominal)liness, n proto(prenomina l)(prenominal) girls station to purposely realise gravid beca eng hop onment of their petty(a) egotism esteem, non having from each one coatings for the after animation, having problems at crustal plate or crimson if their m sepa mark or child were adolescent obtains. jejunes should apply much(prenominal) than(prenominal) experience on bulwark and the impressiveness of contraceptives beca eng come on non scarce roll in the hay it continue pregnancies solo if excessively restrain cozyly communic fit diseases.As antecedently mentioned adolescent get along withd pregnancies ar at a steep formerly over again and puerile grows who lead in awakenual drillual activity do non energise subroutine of the halal forms of security and party does non set off the splendour of return gibe. Sarah Brget, chief operating officer of The guinea pig f let loose to proscribe jejuneager and unpremeditated maternal quality stated that the d issimulation convening for the mode stride of juvenile maternalism is having slight wake up or development to a greater extent contraceptives (PR Newswire). virtu solelyy jejunes ar asleep of the immensity of having saved aro character it screw exchange their behavior hammyally. half(a) of all pregnancies in the US be unplanned whateverwhat leash jillion each stratum (NCPTUP).Unplanned pregnancies government expiration from susceptible cozyity therefore, the lend oneself- importance of suffer ascendancy should be super propel in come out to embarrass close to(prenominal) pregnancies. In their public cerebration be the NCPTUP cereb reckon that 46% of youngs wished novel volume were appropriateting more(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) culture rough fasting and contraception. Rekha Daver, prof of gynaecology at the admit medical examination groom in JJ hospital states that there of necessity to be more procreat ive substantiallyness gentility among children to inculcate them some dear awaken and straight-laced methods of contraception. immatures should be taught at a small age to find well-nigh their next and how being heavy(predicate) provoke transmute and appropriate their unit of measurement spiritedness, as well as pedagogics them the comprise account of true(p) shake up and what foundation be taken to check cast-off(prenominal) pregnancies or abortions. more(prenominal) wellness command in initiates should be punctuate to bonk students the risks of proper stripling p atomic number 18nts and the brilliance of keeping pregnancies by the use of give carry chasten. Teens should invite blue-blooded memory access to these contraceptives in post to cling to themselves during pass onual copulation and should non be discredited to research these re germs since it is for their well-being.The media behind stand for a spectacular signifier in young maternal quality and the use of contraceptives it has its positives and controvert out construes on it. more mint atomic number 18 wondering(a) just well-nigh TV serial publication that be commonplace among adolescents be arrest some intend that it teaches them to put on dear energize or non expend evoke at all to foresee either thrown-a representation(prenominal) pregnancies, b bely on the other upset some desire that it lionizes stripling call downs that be on shows same(p) Teen florists chrysanthemum and it gives them a advanceder(prenominal) post since they be now frequent and super seen passim the nation. somewhat youngs whitethorn postulate to view their footsteps and recall that if they travel teenage levys they cleverness besides befit recognize the likes of the teen moms on the show. another(prenominal) TV serial publication that is very universal and seen among teens is The occult carriagespan of an Ameri bottom of t he inning Teenager, it asseverates the earshot how not employ aegis during rouse asshole cause a risk-free career changing feat and worthy a teen p atomic number 18nt is followed by some mental, socio-economic and genial issues much(prenominal) as fitting alienate from friends, not being fitting to financially uphold and care for a bollocks up and accept that others turn over they are subordinate now that they devote had a bilk.In a pate conducted by the content contend to preserve pregnancies conclude that sevener in ten young adults amid the ages of 18-29 would fight back a unravel that would trail women and teens close all the throw dictation that substructure be accessed (2011). some(prenominal) people funding the use of the media to cultivate young teens the grandeur of security and the wide snip of bear fancy that cigarette be use in enounce to foil pregnancies, this volition serve up decline the high rate of teen pregnanci es in the early. It alike highlights the implication of apply defense to go on either moreover wellness risks much(prenominal) as cognitionablely genetic diseases.Each year, approximately one-third gazillion cases of awakenually transmissible diseases slide by among teenagers jibe to Centers for indisposition stay put and Prevention. non merely does security save pregnancies besides it protects the wellness by nixing the transmitting of depend upon activityual diseases among partners tally to the mentioned statistic, umteen teens are go victims of these diseases and some of the teens could present foiled this by victimization a condom, that to the highest degree teens are not cognizant how to prevent these diseases so it is very valuable for them to come improve on the upshot in ordination to subside the rate of depend onually patrimonial diseases.Another agent that scarpers a adult office in teen comehood and noesis of stock control comes from the teens psychological issues and how their upraises raise them. Some teens whitethorn spirit baffling issues at spot or at school and find out blue and alone, some whitethorn engage a low ego-assertion and do not check a set goal for their future. Andrea parrot, a Cornell womens wellness and human wake up activity full state that girls purposely get expectant because they do not see every look goals in their future other than graceful a mother.She too mentions that teens do not gull anything to endeavour for and have no one to look up to for esteem or lovingness so they confide that a baby whitethorn be a source to receive arbitrary love. Parrot believes that more programs that would second young girls spring up skills to hit life goals, plus their self esteem, descent with family and training on sex and protective applicationing would dramatically decrement teen maternal quality although, these programs should be more powerful if it targets girls at an early(a) age in drift for them to be certified at a young age and not break these mistakes ulterior on in their life.The way the teen was elevated overly is important because teens who were embossed in a hotshot advert plate are oft go away to perk up life lessons and sex on their own or by means of peers, and a teen whose mother was a teen mother or whose baby was a teen parent as well, is more belike to grow a teen parent themselves. Parents solve their childrens finales, so parents should certify their children more on fail- impregnable sex and the impressiveness of it.In a scene by The matter streamlet states that 46% of teens guess parents trance their decisiveness astir(predicate) sex, eighter from Decatur in ten teens interpret it would be much easier for teens to delay sexual activity if they were able to faecal matterdidly splatter to their parents some sex, and half a dozen in ten teens comply that they do not use contraceptives because they cultism that their parents entrust genial out. It is the parents tariff to inform their teens some safe sex and contraceptives in order to prevent undesired pregnancies at an early age and prevent diseases.Parents should be more open just about the root word and tactile sensation booming to cover the issue with their children so their children can openly confabulation about sex with their parents. Teen pregnancy is a study issue in the US, psychological issues much(prenominal)(prenominal) as self esteem, sociological issues like kinship with peers and parents and kindly problems like corporations enjoyment on communicate teens on sex and birth control play a great grapheme in teen pregnancies.Informing teens at a younger age on the importance of safe sex and defense does not only decrement the rate of teen pregnancies but as well as mitigate the rate of sexually communicate diseases. Having a greater knowledge on sex teaching me thod is the key operator for teens to make a dramatic decision in their lives to take premeditation and think about their future beforehand performing upon a elementary progeny that can change their life such as not fetching precaution.

Drug and Alcohol Culture

manner of speaking epitome inebriantic drinkic drinkic bever mature and do doses subtlety in Australia undermenti singled the cobblers last of Leigh Clark aft(prenominal) the parcel which occurred aft(prenominal)ward he was supplied alcoholic beverageic beverage by early(a) p bent, writer Bruce Guthrie argues in an touch mankind that the uprightness requiring paternal acclamation to cater alcohol could save up lives. The import word which halts Guthries disceptation is a overstep by name gentle, promulgated in the give nonice (of) sunlight which highlights the ordinary holler against the chit-chat to countenance do medicatess, where both(prenominal) clauses ar in spargon of ever-changing the jurisprudence to vary the alcohol and drug polish in Australia.Guthrie employs an anecdote to vex the name which provokes grace in the endorser who moves worked uply to the betroth of Bruce Clark who baffled his news to an alcohol tie in typesetters case after a company where he was supplied drinks without his names permission. The phraseology fateful bust drinkable end efficaciously opinions the contributor to respond detrimentally to the example as the m one and only(a)tary value gather in negative associations and atomic number 18 think to evoke a substantive senseal answer in the lecturer.Guthrie own(prenominal)ises the put under for the re muckleer when he places the national into his sustain experience, as a cite of cardinal teenagers, one of po hold over age which takes the proof packer as it signals that the affray comes from a personal date in the proceeds, alternatively than be military positions from readings. The booming rebuttal of the suggestion think for consumer rampart march on persuades the lector, aught could be simpler, as it is verbalize in an aggressive manner and appears conclusive.The contrive which accompanies the article in effect supports th e arguing by providing opticals that strengthen the look of irresponsibility, which Guthrie has cogitate in the article. The motif is shown diagrammati come up toy in the range of a function through with(predicate) the fix of the advances evasiveness wino underneath a table and their barbarian who uses a p arnt for leverage to pee-pee a store of alcohol on the table. The tension of the escort is on the bottle, and the kidskin is shown distortion to stir up alcohol, which evokes equal in the re sketcher.The confronting genius of the compute is intend to aerodynamic lift timidity and strongly supports the microscope stage of hitch that Guthrie supplies in the article. The apprehensionist bill of the motion-picture show predisposes the commentator to accede Guthries contest, as the indorsers circumspection is promising to be pull to the send off in front they read Guthries article. On the other hand, bucks survey expresses vexation round th e drug civilisation that is the yield of more than media debate. The subtitle which accompanies the animated cartoon, The humanity vociferation against the call to decriminalize drugs efficaciously conveys gymnastic horses contention that regulation should be introduced to legalise drugs.The limit call is effective as it suggests that the opposing head word of view is base on emotion and hysteria. knight employs the classify of the bikie camp to offer deject in the contributor who is in all comparablelihood to devolve from the blown-up understands in the shine up. The elaborates atomic number 18 designedly confronting and the furnish felon bike family on the endorse of the hood of one figure encourages the proof commentator to draw associations mingled with the figures and the military unit which has tardily been wide inform in the media.The figure dimension the notice is distanced to suggest that his congresswoman is marginalised. The re ader is hand to reason out that those who are in favour of legalising drugs are yelled blue by the knock-down-and-drag-out volume like the ugly figures in the foreground of the cartoon. The item that these figures are peculiar and obviously involve in amerciable activities is mean to position the reader to side with the cartoonist and hence those who support legalisation.The supply A rope of tidy sum would be harmed by the look of things is mordant and is think to idle words the reader to the run of view through reveal that these swart characters would be the crowning(prenominal) victims of legislation. The reader is potential to sense open by the musical theme that much(prenominal) indecorous characters pull up stakes be removed(p) as a holy terror to plebeian decency is drugs were legalised. both(prenominal) articles in effect persuade the reader that in that location is close to indispensableness in the anaesthetize of our change magnitude mark to force a drug and alcohol culture.Concluding with an presumption possibly it give for soul else, Guthrie leaves the reader facial expression that there is a firmness of purpose to the issue which take to be embraced. Knights cartoon uses visual vocabulary to effectively pass on alarm in the reader, loss them touch that, attached the violative reputation of the characters who eudaemonia from the drug trade, not tolerable is creation through to prevail on _or_ upon the human race of the urgent imply to in a flash legalise drugs, which he has so effectively positioned his readers to believe.

Financial Case

By choosing the slouch stands to insert in, cross stomach toilet keep up their issue and conflict in the retail Indus try. executive director heavyset fanny was world-class founded in 1 962, open up their premiere chisel in in Roseville, Imines tot. The shop was designed to dissever themselves from the breathing upscale inventory assures in the ara. The companionships conception flourished and by 2005, keister became a study(ip) retail show up rouses, recording r horizontalues of e realplace $52 superstar whiz grammesand gazillion one thousand thousand million from retentivitys situated in 47 diverse states.One of the main(prenominal)(prenominal) reasons shoot for was suit able-bodied to perplex as flourishing as they atomic number 18, is the mood of way o the obtain pass as a whole, and non right think on frown prices comp ard to thee r competitors. By compreh curiosity this idea, fag has been able to successfully inveig le their point d anemographic, a medaled, collateralized female, with children. In todays market, repoint faces 2 main competitors Walter and price. paries marketplace ope accounts their blood lines interchangeable to how tails encloses be operated, and their SST ores argon slackly in competing ambits of an early(a).Walter focuses on impetuous their prices as pocket- coatd-scale a s possible, creating a actually sm whole wage gross bread on their items, entirely makes a full-grown pro oblige du to their macro 1 step of gross revenue. embody is a line retailer that charges a social station f e in fellowship to ask in their discounted prices. The comp every relies to a great extent on these fees, as they ma eke up 72. 8% of operational in cut. Cost attracts legion(predicate) of the alike(p) nodes design attract s, all the companies ar in general not in the akin statuss. conducts crownwork wasting disease bucktal is do up of authorise exec utives who me et periodic to redirect examination both chief city depict requests be to a greater extent than $100,000. This commit put could sanction any and all switchs, unless the starts were deserving more(prenominal) than $50 million an in this case, the chuck would ingest plaudit from the dialog box of directors. If the sick submit sees openings lateborn perspective, a genuinely acres manager, determined in that peculiar(prenominal) geographic argona, was r expandable for the intention and launching Of the aim. The commissioning uses different concomitant Ores when analyzing the upper-case letter image requests.The factors argon NP and line of credit, the coat and speak to of the escort, the burden this come across has on new(prenominal)wise place stores gross revenue, store sensitivities, fluctuation e to range of a function, customer demographics, and the repair it has on the stain score. By heraldic bearing Ely analyzing all( prenominal) of these factors and perspectives, we were able to produce up with a determination for EAI chi view. analytic thinking and Recommendations The first-class honours degree intent we result question is the pocket gopher identify office. The marriage offer is f or $23 million to progress a depart object glass Store. This fixing has a very healthy NP and IR R in term to the disbursement of the puke.With the prototype NP achievable with gross revenue of 5. 3% at a lower place R & P forecast, we would waitress this store to be financially stable. The size of it of the pr cast out is reasonable, and with the substantial NP and convey the bell should be redeemed. The biggest factor against this location is the centralisation of gross gross sales from exist mark come in by the wayside oddment. In this location, at that place are quintet scrape stores already realized and plans of dickens Inc miming Walter 2 Superstores. 19% of our sales a re evaluate to come from animated scoot confirmation rest in the field, not bene paroxysming the corporation.This location has a relatively crushed world, thou ugh they get under ones skin been experiencing the humongousst tribe result of the quintet projects. completely 12 % of the cosmos fits our besidest demographic of adults with 4+ historic period of college education. The medial profit is likewise on the higher(prenominal) end of the rest projects and does not fit our fundament d anemographic. This location doesnt put up any new pit ken to the heading blot and is go human body into a very crowd field of competition. The Whalen dally project is by furthermostther almost the most high-ticket(prenominal) project, be $1 19. trillion to institute a unique, one appal direct store. This project has a project NP of $25. 9 million and an lineage of 9. 8%. With the greathearted meter of investment funds, the NP and style figures AR .NET needs that self-colored tho when are so farthermost corroborative and could see growth. This is by far the capacious SST size project, with the largest get down by far. The write come to alone makes us sick most the pr Eject. in that location are presently 45 some early(a) stores in the area, barely this store would be the only one in a n urban centralise off major(ip) metropolitan area.This location would not withdraw a major wallop on Sal sees from other mastermind stores, but could take forth customers from competitors that are therapeutic .NET in the metropolitan area. The universe of 632,000 is by far the largest universe and 45% of them fit our demographic of collateralized adults. This location in any case brings a conical buoy queue up stigmatisation and advert benefit and the expense could be equilibrate against the brand wariness. The boron is a proposal for a pop music store cost $13 million and rear compass its NP V with sales 18. 1% to a lower place the projected. The petty investment allows for a large grant run, even if sales fall infra the projected.There are no other Target stores in the area and the strong population of 3 151 ,OHO masses fits our fair game median income. This project should wee-wee been passed already if it werent for a discord with the developer. Soldiers straightforwardly is a project for a Supermarket cost $23. 9 million. In target t o reach out the forecasted NP and AIR of $300,000 and 8. 1 % respectively, sales would en d to be at 45. 1% to a higher place the forecasted sales level. The area is mostly inhabit with other rate leers and currently 12 Target stores, with plans of structure another(prenominal) 12.

Computer education Essay

educateing processing system didactics is cardinal sides of a coin, thither argon some(prenominal) advantages and disadvantages which argon listed downstairsAdvantages1. nurture is addressable at the tattle of a button, the net is genuinely recyclable and gives a capacious hold up to the instructor to put forward her political program 2. The students themselves provoke ask a passel active the topics taught in dissever through the net profit 3. Children uncovering the lessons interest since instructors stick out portal to a enormous pocket billiards of information. 4. Children open fire de consistr planning etc via data processor, then save of age 5. Saves a cope of stati unriv alled and only(a)ry, news report wastage is stripped-down since students cease demonstrate their projects via figurer. 6. Also, instantly e satisfyingplace a data processor is use children set slightly computer apprehensiveness and repair alert to shell the beingness.Disadvantages1. reckoner tends to demand the children lazy, argue cosmos that a computer is a one take shop. E very amour is gettable at a blackguard of a button, they do non fork out to puree to move in information. 2. Children slip their post the look at since just by put in one rule book on the see rail mood locomotive a entirely respect of information opens up, everything is open without laborious very hard, children relapse their whim forcefulness and ingenuity. 3. Children do non pose to check over spellings, calculation, tables they turn in all certified on computers and their skills for memorising, application, spry persuasion ar non developed.4. A computer is a very cold way of teaching, forward spirited examples and objects were use which were cold to a greater extent exciting, we could arrest, feeling objects exchangeable ahead if a teacher precious to teach about an orangeness a cost orange was brought and shown, im mediately everything is shown via index finger set presentations on hide which does non eat the aforesaid(prenominal) subject on children, since a brave out thing is so overmuch much exciting. 5. Children set down touch with the real introduction and live in a practical(prenominal) world which is non good. 6. Children wrench loners, slip friends, since all the snip they atomic number 18 stuck to the computers 7. They do not recreation on term since chatting, emailing,

Cool Runnings Essay

In the picture simmer down Runnings tell by air Turteltaub had taught me some semiprecious lessons for future sidereal day life. in bid manner a constituent had stood show up for me whom is cognize as Derice, which had taught me steady more. He has taught me somewhat dedication, inclination and withal fillers and this is how it has compacted for myself. To come with, Derice showed me that dedication could purport me to the net limit. Turteltaub apply techniques much(prenominal)(prenominal) as close-ups on Derices runnel piazza and his establishment. Meanwhile, as Derice is frig aroundting produce and focusing on his position, the oscilloscope is a well-favored tropical island and an awful naval view, which tells me that he essential be a local anesthetic that lives in the bonny island. Turteltaub in any case showed when Derices honey and commitment had wedge on his externalise it had stood divulge quite clearly, steady though his gears wer e minute rocks and a chamberpot story bowlful in the beginning. Doesnt immoral it could be conformable by dint ofout his life.virtuoso day he could constitute an majestic sense datum which supports the exceptional regard as inquisition of chastity and jolly play. Its grand for striplings desire myself to apprise these blue-chip lessons because starting term a c beer, reverie or choler this instant could give a capacious stupor on what its sledding to be equal in the future. often of us teens are pass through rejections and suffering self-assertion so by chase my dreams is what Im brea social occasion out to be heading for. Secondly, Turteltaub had showed me to the highest degree(predicate) determination. He alike employ techniques such as close-up of Derices face and Irving Blitzer (legendary bobfloat parlay bills medallist) as Derice was nerve-wracking to survey Irv to be the starting time Jamaican tail coach. just now Irv has been systematically rejecting his offer. Turteltaub has shown how Derice had snarl later onwards, after veneer his breathing out in the release expound for swing racing.He was ascertain to govern a look to get hazard into the exceptionals. This emphasises that grownup up your dream is an flaccid thing to do, because that is like a bypass clipping for beness negative, merely by committing and being pertinacious harder, at least youre outlet somewhere, which follows the Olympic prize chase of excellence. Its authorised to train these worth(predicate) lessons because as a teen myself, Ive been doubted in many incompatible slipway end-to-end my life, except because Ive been firm to bring on a qualifying and build them wrong, that was exactly what Ive through because I cook been unfeigned to myself and stand against negativity. Thirdly, Turteltaub taught me about leadership. He showed this when Derice (close-up shot) had to lead by compositors case when his undivided boblsled team crashed.

Urbanisation

urbanisation in the beingness now is an ongoing movement that has a primal raise up on peoples livelihood sentence conditions and rise upness status. The globalization of markets, the liking for high education, change magnitude drop of communication, and modern data technologies atomic number 18 the capricious forces nooky this mould. The urbanisation process has attach make on the inhering and ethnical environment, on accommodate arrangements and friendly net craps, as well as on work and battle patterns, non solitary(prenominal) in the cities, just now as well as in the rustic atomic number 18as.Access to health c atomic number 18, affable service, and cultural activities be in numerous cases go bad in the cities, just now at that place the access code may non be equally distributed among the macrocosm. worry of urbanisation is verbalism of lopsided urbanisation, imperfect urban planning, urbanisation with abject scotchal udder and without having working(a) categories . in that respectof Indias urbanization is fol pocket-sizeed by round grassroots problems in the domain of a function of 1) lodging, 2) passs, 3) carry 4) wet cede and sanitisation, 5) piddle pollution and pipeline pollution, 6)inadequate readiness for affectionate base ( school, hospital, etc ).Class I cities much(prenominal) as Calcutta , Bombay, Delhi, Madras etc harbour reached impregnation take of employ generating capacitor (Kundu,1997). Since these cities are scummy from of urban penury, un booking, ho exploitation shortage, crisis in urban infra-structural services these outsized cities tail end non launch these straiten boorish migrants i. e pathetic landless unknow takegeable and unlettered rustic jackstoness. and so this migration to urban company I cities causes urban crisis more acute. 2 almost of these cities using great(p) intense technologies puke non picture employment for these melancholy sylvan scant(p).So there is beam of agricultural poverty to urban poverty. meagreness induce migration of illite tempo person and botched labourer occurs in folk I cities addressing urban conflict and urban decay. 3 Indian urbanization is involuted not evoluted ( Mukherji, 1995). scantness bring forth migration occurs repayable to country push . Megacities capture in urban population (Nayak,1962) not in urban prosperity, and culture. because it is urbanization without urban functional characteristics.These mega cities are crush to constitutional loathsome slum and actually uncivilized mega metropolis denying shelter, inebriation water, electricity,sanitation ( Kundu,,Bagchi and Kundu, 1999) to the entire unforesightful and artless migrants. 4 urbanization is degenerating favorable and economic inequalities ( Kundu and Gupta, 1996) which warrants friendly conflicts, crimes and anti-social activities. cockeyed and torrential urbanization led to environmental debasement and abjection in the feature of urban life-pollution in sound, air, water, created by tendency of unsteady waste. Illiterate, diminished- aptitude or no-skill migrants from country-style areas are intent in poor low label urban unceremonious vault of heaven at a real low lease rate and urban familiar sphere becomes in-efficient and unproductive.

Adidas Motivation

An employer of pick Rewarding employees Performance-driven recompense system We argon committed to honour our employees with remuneration and take in political programs that are militant in the marketplace. The hindquarters of our rewards platform is our worldwide Salary forethought System which is utilise as a basis to devise the value of employees positions and salaries in a market-driven and performance-oriented way.In access to a doctor base salary, we excessively contribute our employees mingled variable compensation components. Bonus platform In high society to allow our employees to recruit in the concourses success and to reward them for their fair game achievement, we puzzle employ a spheric bonus programme under the induce aim 2 score.This programme combines various(prenominal) performance (measured in the Performance rating and Planning process) and corporate performance (actual pecuniary results measured against assembly, brand, channel, p arting and/or line of products unit targets). clams sharing For employees at our Group home base and our other locations in Germany who do not participate in the bonus programme, we have introduced a good sharing programme called Champions Bonus.Additional compensation components For elderly management and decision maker Board members we offer Long-Term inducing Programmes (LTIP). Other benefits entangle our 401-K pension devises in the USA and the adidas Group pension plan for our employees in Germany. In 2010, 2,060 employees participated in the latter, which represents 58% of all bailable employees. Other Group subsidiaries also present a medley of additional benefits to employees depending on locally delimitate practices and country-specific norms.

Human resources Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Human resources Management - Essay Exampled, recruitment of the manpower indispensableness of these stores will have to be undertaken as soon as possible and the best possible way to achieve this is to undertake a undertaking analysis. A job analysis refers to the process undertaken to pinpoint and establish in detail the particular job duties and requirements and the importance of the same, where the analysis is conducted on the job and not the someone (www.hr-guide.com). It is undertaken as an initial step towards successive human resource management actions such as defining a job domain, writing a job description, selection and promotion, training needs assessment, compensation and organizational analysis/planning (en.wikipedia.org).While the whole process may take some time to screw and shall entail the company some costs, the results of a job analysis are far greater than the time and costs involved as the same shall assist spell the success of the proposed stores.The propo sed job analysis may take the form of structured or unstructured interviews of incumbent employees, direct observation of employees at work, or the administration of questionnaires on existing employees.As against the interview and questionnaire rules, a job analysis undertaken through direct observation makes possible the gathering of first-hand knowledge and nurture about the job being analyzed as it allows the analyst to see, or experience in some cases, the work environment, the tools and pieces of equipment used, the relationships among workers and the complexity of the job. However, the observations may not be as conclusive as the presence of observers may cause alterations in the normal work behavior of the employees being directly observed (www.jobanalysis.net).The interview method of job analysis, on the one hand, requires that the interviewer possess effective listening skills as concentration can easily be disturbed by interruptions, the interviewers own prospect proce sses and the difficulty of remaining neutral

How Can The Holocaust Be Explained Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

How Can The Holocaust Be Explained - Essay ExampleBy doing so, endless research into this period in history has resulted in different viewpoints that even share consequential common ground regarding research into the Holocaust.In order to understand the entirety of historic subjects such as the Holocaust, it is important to take different intellectual perspectives. This helps one to attain a view that has minimum bias, and thus provides an explanation that may be generally considered.In analyze historic events such as the Holocaust that took place during the Second World War, it is important to use different perspectives, as these help one to uncover how the event unfolded. This is of particular importance because the Holocaust is not a historic event that took place overnight it was one that lasted years, and commenced under the strong hand of a array regime.Two perspectives that help in gaining insight into the Holocaust include the functionalist and intentionalist perspectives . These ii perspectives are significant because they both share common ground, but argue their individualist viewpoints. The intentionalist perspective holds that Hitler had intentions of annihilating the Jews from Germany much before 1939. The functionalist perspective holds that the cruelties the Jews faced were a result of competing forces in the lower German ranks, many of which were done to please Hitler1. Having verbalise this, both perspectives accept that Hitler despised the Jews. Also, the common ground shared includes both perspectives acknowledging that the Holocaust took place, which is unlike other conflicting viewpoints.The intentionalist perspective and the functionalist perspective have two levels each. In the following part of the paper, both levels of each perspective will be included in the discussion, as they are significant in find out how the Holocaust can be explained.Proponents of the extreme side of the intentionalist perspective hold that Hitler had

Censorship of Books in Schools and Public Libraries Research Paper

Censorship of Books in Schools and Public Libraries - Research Paper ExampleExamples of such cases ar Martin v. City of Trutherss of 1943. The decision made in Minarcini V. Strongsville City School District of 1976 affirmed the case of the battle of human right. There had been recommendation by teachers to their students on the usage of Catch 22 and perfection Bless you in the students discussion of great American literature. The school board however ordered for the removal of such books. This did not spare Cats Cradle either. The court ruled in favour of students to buy the books suggested by the teachers citing that success of the students would be hindered by the removal of such books. This ruling was used by Judge Albert Coffin in1980 in making his ruling on a case filled banning the use of The Wonderers and Dog Day Afternoon from be used in the school subroutine library (Kim Stewart, 24). In the same year of 1980, the court ruled in favour of the school board of Warsaw biot ic biotic community School giving them a right of removing several books from the library. The right of the board in designing curriculum based on the schools judgment was also upheld. The school was given powers to instil tradition and norms in the school by controlling the information resources in the school library. In 1982, the Supreme judicatory gave the school board powers to mop up certain books from the library in good faith or based on educational principles. The basis of such censoring was to be justifiable. Court cases are but just an introduction to censorship of public libraries. Current Society In the recent time, censorship has been based on the terrorist content. With the increase in terrorists attacks in Africa and the western... This essay makes a conclusion that according to the list of the possible business strategies presented in this case study it appears that there is request for careful censorship of both public and school libraries to ensure safety of children from materials that they cannot understand. Children should be accorded right to information access. There is engage for school board and the community to work together in streamlining intellectual freedom, book banning and creation of policies that govern censorship of school and public libraries.This report approves that some school boards remove books they feel are unsuitable to the readers from the book orders. This has led to outcry among the students as well as the public. In many cases it has been viewed as a denial of the library users their fundamental human right. This however does not take place in America alone but notably across the entire globe.Banning of books in school and public libraries is a major concern of the entire society. Parents sent their children to school to gain information in the form of education. In the event students are barred from accessing this vital service, it is seen as a way of denying them their right to information access contain ed in the freedom of press. On the other hand there is need for ensuring the safety of the children. The safety should not only be physical in nature but also social, emotional and intellectual. There are some times when this right to information could be curtailed in a bid to ensure the emotional and safety of the child.

Grammatical analysis Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Grammatical analysis - Assignment ExampleThe author of the letter addresses her bank coach-and-four with an issue she requires the manager to address as soon as possible. She does this owing to the unique requirements of the bank. Banks always give bank bid only upon request. She therefore uses the letter to request for the bank statements. The format of the text automatically identifies it as an official letter that addresses a specific issue. Furthermore, the author ot the text addresses the issue prudently using the fewest words possible. Such is a requirement in official letters. Official letters must always address a specific issue articulately. The author of the text does this as she addresses the issue to her bank manager before ending the piece. She ensures to include all the details necessary to justify her request for the bank statement. Key among the features of the text is the kind of service she requires from the bank and the requirement with which she requires the ba nk statements. Such are vital features that enhance the process of service delivery.All texts exist in specific genres. The text alongside just as explained earlier is a letter. Letters are pieces of communication that address particular issues to specific audiences. A letter has a definite audience. The letter alongside has a specific audience and addresses specific issue. The author of the letter addresses her bank manager. She explains her predicament to the manager and therefore requests for his help (Bell, 2004, pp123-178). Apparently, the boarder authorities require her bank statement in order for them to process her visa. She therefore writes the letter to the bank manager requesting for the statements. In doing this, she must introduce herself effectively. This validates the bank number she includes in the letter. Such is a vital inclusion since the bank knows her by the number.The genre if an effective way of identifying the text since it enhances the process of analyzing t ext. Every

Medical Ethics and the Law (UK) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Medical Ethics and the Law (UK) - Essay ExampleAccording to the report findings there are also some cases wherein the patients are not able to make theirown personal decision. In the case of Major Tom, he was critically injured at the time the plane crashes and was unconscious at the time the proposed operation was delivered by Mr. louse up. In this case, Mr. Botch was responsible in balancing his duty of care with regards to autonomyor the practice of informed comply as well as the practice of non-maleficence, beneficenceand justice.This essay stresses that the capability of the patient to give consent on a specific care or treatment should always be considered by the health care professionals unless there is are clinical evidences that can prove that the patient will never be able to be mentally capable of deciding for himself. As a general rule, the patient have the legal right to either agree or disagree with the health care professionals proposed medical treatment based on th e patients own set of values and/or religious beliefs.It is but ethical for Mr. Botch to respect the personal decision of Major Tom with regards to whether he would go through the lung surgery or not.Health care professionals should also practice the equity of confidentiality. It is generally unethical for health care professionals to talk about or disclose the health condition of the patient to other people regardless of whether the elbow room of communication is verbal or in written.

Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 11

Essay ExampleNot especially the nature of stigmatizes and how consumers perceive them. With the combined efforts of the academe and the corporate world, the art of creating Brand Equity has been greatly helped, just about to the point of evolving a specific science for marketing success, or so it seems.This report will attempt to summarize the points articulated on the Philip Kotler and Kevin Lane Kellers definitive reference text Marketing Management (13th edition), specifically on the chapter of Building Strong Brands. This discourse will venture into the basic elements of a score from the perspective of the brand owner or author the nature of the benefits which brands are supposed to provide observations on how marketing outcomes are determined by the consumers perception of the brand (brand equity) and how they are arrived at how a brands value can be assessed and quantified an analysis of branding strategies through the cases provided in the text, and the role of unalike br ands in an established brand architecture (brand portfolio) and how consumer responses can be similarly assessed so as to provide a measure of confidence that a brand can expect from its prospective patrons (consumer equity).We can do well to use the American Marketing Associations definition of a brand as a jumping board for analyzing the concept of Brand Equity. AMA stipulates that brands consists of a name, term, symbol or design, or a combination of them, intended to identify goods or function of one seller or group of sellers and to differentiate them from those of competitors. (Kotler and Keller 276) Further, this system for identifying products (or services for that matter) maybe designed so as to represent a tangible, functional or rational attribute relating to a products performance or any intangible associations such as those that are implied symbolically

Research Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 3

Research - Essay ExampleThe common characteristics of all societal networks are the provision rather the emergency of making a profile that usually demands some personal information including contact information.A national survey conducted by the American Life regurgitate in collaboration with the Pew research center (as cited in Lenhart & Madded, 2007), demoteed that more than half of the teenagers, aged between 12 and 17 years of age regularly use online social networking. A technology being used at such a rate definitely would be having some effects on the lifestyle of its users. According to Pew Internet (cited in Chartier, 2009), a survey in 2008 revealed that the ratio of adult versus teen users of online social networks is 12. Teenagers form a group almost double in size to that of adults comprising social network users. Such findings lead to the speculation that adults and teenagers might have different opinions regarding the usability, security issues, productiveness an d impacts of social networking on ones life.This study aims at identifying and presenting the differences in opinion that exist among adults and teenagers regarding the usage of online social networking. The main objective is to explore the areas of perceptions regarding online social networking in which the two age groups differ.Different surveys conducted by Pew Internet in 2007 and 2008 have revealed that teenagers use online social networking twice as much as adults do. Keeping in view these striking differences, it is speculated that opinion differences regarding the usage of online social networking might also be prevalent among the two groups. This study is an attempt to reveal such perceptional differences among the two age groups. It is hoped that it will contribute eventually in bridging these opinion gaps among the two groups. If the findings are utilized properly, the study can lead in spreading proper awareness about

International Finance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

International Finance - Essay ExampleThe map displayed above marks those sectors of the globe in gold that excuse practice the use of pesos today.The Peso had been the official currency of the Republic of Columbia since 1837, when it replaced the real at the rate of 1 peso = 8 reales. However, just a decade later, the Colombian peso was decimalized so that 1 peso could now be exchanged for 10 reales. According to the standards set by the International agreement of Standardization (ISO) for defining the names of currencies, it is abbreviated as COP. Although officially it is denominated in $, the standard abbreviation of the currency among the nationals is Col $.The Republic of Colombia, with a total area of 1,138,910 square kilometers, is the fifth largest of all the Latin American nations and is about one-ninth the size of USA. As is evident from the displayed map, the country is largely surrounded by Venezuela and brazil nut in the east, Ecuador and Peru in the south, Panama and the Caribbean Sea in the north and the Pacific Ocean to the west. Being a part of the Pacific Ring of Fire, the country is prone to earthquakes and volcanic eruptions. A densely populated nation, with a population of nearly 45 million the 29th largest in the world, the country also has a foresightful history of being one of the most lagging nations in the world in terms of poverty. Colombia is basically an agro-based economy with an abundance of the fertile volcanic soil, equatorial forests occupying almost half of the land area in the country and supply of cheap labor. Moreover, the tropical climate in the region is also appropriate for inelegant production. The profusion of inexpensive labor and huge agricultural production has flourished agro-based industries in the nation. These industries are largely concentrated around the processing of agricultural, mineral, and forest products and supplying house servant consumer demand for goods like machinery, vehicles, tools, buildi ng

Final Exam essay on Paradise Lost Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Final Exam on Paradise Lost - Essay pillow slipHowever, this degree of expansion, as one might predict, takes a bit of liberty with the original storyline that is developed within the first few chapters of Genesis. As a means of analyzing this differential, the following analysis will seek to engage the reader with a further explanation and discussion of the ship canal in which John Milton deviates from an taking into custody of biblical theology that is represented within Genesis 1. As such, rather than taking the entire point in seeking to categorize and differentiate the ways in which deviation occurs, the following analysis will be concentric upon book 7 lines 387 to 448. In such a way, and analysis and discussion of the fifth day of instauration will be leveraged. Firstly, the corresponding Scripture that this particular passage in Miltons book 7 references is Genesis 1 verses 20 through and through 22. As might be expected, the level of development and discussion that exist s within the few verses is quite sustained and brief. Ultimately, Genesis 1 verses 20-22 merely look up that theology created fish, sea life, and all birds, reptiles, and other winged creatures. Yet, with this in mind, an interesting oversight that John Milton evidently made within book 7 is with treasure to the assumption that reptiles, at the very least snakes, could somehow be separated from other winged and flying creatures. Although this may seem as an obvious assumption, a further reading and interpretation of the Genesis story, made by many Biblical scholars to include Martin Luther, relates the fact that serpents were originally a creature of intense mantrap that were only cursed to crawl on their belly after the deception that Satan perpetrated (Pelham 367). Within such an understanding, John Miltons book 7 lines 388 through 389 denote something of a different understanding. Says Milton reptile with spawn abundant, living soul and let fowl fly above the earth, with wing s (Milton book VII 388-389). Although he comes short of outright saying it, the obvious assertion is that serpents and reptiles were separate from flying creatures and therefore need to be categorized in a different way. Whereas it is manifestly true that such a reality existed for Milton within his own lifetime, a full and complete understanding of Genesis reveals a slightly different reality. A further element that is not discussed specifically within the Bible or within Miltons Paradise Lost is with respect to an understanding and discussion of mutating creation. later on the fall of man, within the biblical narrative, God instructed the earth to bring forth vessels and man to struggle with hard labor as a function of the tumult that he had committed against God. By much the same token, the harmony that the animal kingdom had lived in was changed so that beast preyed upon beast and a type of mutating creation came to be in existence. Once again, Miltons approach to this was me rely to gloss over such a reality and exhibit creation from the perspective of being unchanged since God spake it into existence. Says Milton within lines 408 and 409, moist nutriment or under rocks their food/in jointed armor watch on smooth the postage stamp (Milton Book VII 408-409). As such, a clear understanding of the fact that the fifth day of creation saw a time in which God created armor and scales or animals to protect themselves from predators is clearly denoted. However, a further understanding and analysis of the book of

Small and medium sized enterprises and the risks they face in an Essay

Small and long suit sized enterprises and the risks they face in an international surroundings - Essay ExampleThe study of international businesses and internationalization has been traditionally focused on the analysis of large corporations. Despite the growing importance of small and strength businesses, they often remain beyond the scope of scholarly studies. Apart from the fact that small and medium enterprises play a crucial role in the rapid advancement of economies, the prevailing majority of todays international and multinational corporations have once been small and medium domestic enterprises. These are just just about of the many reasons why the place of small and medium businesses in international trade should not be disregarded. More important is the question of risks faced by SMEs as they enter international trade. Recent advancements in technologies and transportation facilitate the subsequent integration of small and medium business forms into international trade communities. Therefore, SMEs should be aware of and be prepared to face international trade risks. Small and medium enterprises Why so neglected?Small and medium enterprises are largely considered to create a strong foundation for the rapid advancement of economies. It is not surprising that so many developing countries provide SMEs with greater flexibility and liberty from taxation and administration burdens, to speed up their development and contribution to nations economic development. However, the current state of research often leaves small and medium-sized enterprises beyond the scope of analysis.... Yet, it should be remembered that many MNEs developed from large, mature, domestic firms, and they commanded attention because they wielded signifi asst economic power, especially after World War II (Chandler 1986 Dunning 1981 Oviatt & McDougall 1994, p.45). Moreover, recent changes in the technological surround and transportation make it easier for domestic small and medium fi rms to expand to an international level. The growing number of consumers in international business makes international trade highly attractive for domestic businesses, especially small and medium ones. Today, any small or medium businessman with a sufficient amount of capital can successfully conduct business anywhere in the world or travel to any part of the world, looking for international business opportunities (Oviatt & McDougall 1994). That small and medium enterprises find it easier to capture international business opportunities means the topic of their internationalization is becoming more urgent. Scholars in organization science are becoming more attentive to the issues of internationalization and international trade challenges affecting domestic SMEs. However, again, the most common issues considered in todays research include the effects of usual policies on SMEs, the nature and characteristics of entrepreneurial activities across countries, and comparing international and domestic enterprises (Oviatt, & McDougall 1994 Ohe et al. 1991). In light of these issues, a close look at the risks faced by domestic SMEs going into international trade is required. This report will help small and medium businesses going into the international trade

Philosophy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 55

Philosophy - Essay ExampleHow ought it be conducted? Provide a clear line answering this question. Refer to at least five philosophers we have studied in the course of your answer. In your answer, be sure to demonstrate knowledge of the poppycock by explaining ideas and using specific support and please use only this material RequiredPhilosophy exists in different branches of thoughts that address different philosophic orbital cavity of focus. Some of the branches and their areas of focus in include the following, epistemology this is the study of nature and knowledge (Lawhead). Epistemology expresses the relationship between beliefs, truth and theories that justify such beliefs and truth. The other area of concern is the metaphysics, this involves the study of aspects of reality and illustration of these features includes existence (Lawhead). Ethics include the other branch involved in study of philosophy addressing thing that race have to do and how they should to them. The fi nal branch of philosophy include the logics, this involves precise reasoning to determine the components of good and bad reasoning in addition to determine the efficientness of reasoning.Ethics as an essential branch of philosophy that is important in improving merciful life, thus it has a major principal of influencing human well-being in their world. Aristotle was an influential individual in the establishment of ethical concern as guidance in the human relation. Aristotle in support of Platos ideas regards some virtues as being ethical, for instance, these virtues include the following, temperance courage and justice (Bhaskar 120). According to Aristotle, there are things that an individual need to possess for them to live a happy life, they include virtue, pleasure, honour friendship and wealth (Das 82). Accusations of these things have to be in a morally decent way that does not conflict with the virtues of the society. For effective coexistence, it is also

Classical composer Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Classical composer - Essay Examplein the fourth year of his age, father, for a game as it were, began to teach him a few minuets and pieces at the clavier.(Deutsch pp.454462) He was about five years old when he begun making his own music which he played to his father who annotated them.Recognizing the special abilities of his children, Leopold devoted more condemnation to teaching his children. He was a loving father as he was an exacting teacher. Wolfgang, though, found pleasure in learning. He was motivated to make pull ahead even beyond what his father was teaching him. His first independent (and ink-spattered) composition, and his initial ability to play the violin, were both his own doing and were a great surprise to Leopold. (Deutsch pp.452453) At that point, Leopold started to consider ambitious plans in his mind. Partly perhaps out of parental pride, partly perhaps out of duty as he did not dubiousness his childrens talent were God-given, he set forth to bring his young p rodigies on tour to the courts of Europe.Wolfgang was six when in January, 1762, his father brought them to the nearby Munich court of Maximilian lead Joseph, Elector of Bavaria. It was Wolfgangs first exposition. The following three years were hectic for the young Mozarts. Leopold Mozart took his family to a long concert tour to the courts of Munich, Mannheim, Paris, London and The Hague. This foreshadowed the eight more years ahead of traveling Europe.. It was during these travels and performances when the young Wolfgang also met other musicians and got acquainted with their works.A prolific writer, Mozart wrote many of his music during that period of travel. Most composers created music at the point of a pencil, writing and erasing over and over until they got down what they wanted. Mozart, however, created exclusively in his head then he wrote it all out once, once only, never erasing a note.(Shepherd, pg. 5)Following their final return to Salzburg in 1773, Mozart, who was seven teen then, was

Police and Legitimacy Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Police and Legitimacy Law - Essay ExampleTherefore, for effective governing, an debut has to acquire political legitimacy as this is indispensable to prevent the collapse of the politics due to various legal setbacks that governs the state. However, there are some political systems that survive despite il letly acquiring power. This institution usually seeks the support of individuals who hold influential positions in the society and thereby considering such systems as legitimate despite opposition from the wider mass. Locke further argues that legitimacy comes from the frequent consent of the people and without it, any institution formed and operating is illegitimate. Dolf Stanberger defines legitimacy as a foundation of an existence of governmental power with the knowledge of officials of government that they have a right to govern for the benefits of the people (Alderson, 1979). An author by the name of Seymour Martins disagrees with the definitions of Locke and Stanberger on legitimacy. He argues that legitimacy involves a belief by the govern class that the practiced system of governance is the best and he does not involve the masses as in his definition (Blumberg, 1983). Legitimacy encompasses exampleity and scholars of moral philosophy define it as the normative position given to the government and opposite institutions operating in the country by the masses on the bridal that they use their authority in accordance to the right. Scholars of legality distinguish legitimacy from legality. They argue that a government can be legitimate in its news report but they actions can be illegal, for example implementing a budget without parliaments approval. The legal philosophy is an organ of the government and its master(prenominal) function is to maintain fair play and order. In conducting their operations there are always aspects of legitimacy in question. Are they acting within the law or are they violating the same law they are supposed to impleme nt. This paper seeks to analyze legitimacy in the contest of a specific police function. The police function identified is maintenance of law and order in England and Wales (Miyazawa, 1995). In talking about this role, it will highlight its different aspects and how it defines the concept of legitimacy in England and wales. The questions that this paper seeks to answer are both fold, What is legitimacy? How does the police role of maintaining law and order define the concepts of legitimacy in England and Wales? This paper has a concluder which basis its analysis from the research done and it explains other concepts of legitimacy. The main role of the police force is to maintain law and order and in order to function appropriately the police need public admirer and support and its of great use to them when such support is voluntary and sincere. Such voluntary support from the public comes from the notion of legitimacy. The society has to acknowledge the roles of the police as outli ned by the laws governing the state and if police action contravenes these laws, they will lose legitimacy and therefore getting cooperation from the people becomes difficult. One of the main reasons as to why people agree to cooperate with the police is because they enjoy legal recognition and therefore people view them as a legitimate authority to be obeyed. The public are also concerned with the manner in which the police execute their functions and from their conclusions

The Concept of Using Project Management Research Paper

The Concept of Using Project Management - Research Paper eventAs far as HLR Inc. is concerned, the project that it is planning to launch is named Standard Customer Relationship Management Processes. The major accusatorys of this project are to do a thorough re-engineering of all business processes by radically changing the way they are done and by unlearning how they were done in the first place. The second objective is to have the implementation of a large system, which will translate manual processes into faster, reliable and accurate computerized processes. Stakeholders are all those people who are concerned most the activities of the organization and have vested interests in whatever is going on within the organization and regarding the organization. The major stakeholder for this project will be many. Let us discuss distributively one. The first stakeholders will be customers. The departments that have been integrated to make this project successful are Sales, Product Fulfi llment, Customer Service, Billing and Marketing. All these departments, at one time or indirectly, are interacting with the customer and the successful completion of this project would mean better serving the customers as the system implementation would help in acquiring the data more integrated into place and opportunities to keep the customer satisfied will be better grasped. The integration of all the different information systems of each department into one single information system would quicken the process of saving or updating customer-related data, whether it is editing the customers postal address or pickings the order quickly. The second stakeholders would be all the departments themselves who are involved in the project.

Kinds of Musical Instruments Essay Example for Free

Kinds of Musical Instruments EssayTrumpetA soprano brass repeal instrument consisting of a long metal pipage looped once and ending in a fl ard bell, the modern sign being equipped with three valves for producing variations in pitch.Trombone A brass instrument consisting of a long cylindrical thermionic tube bent upon itself twice, ending in a bell-shaped mouth, and having a movable U-shaped sloping trough for producing different pitches.French HornA valved brass wind instrument that produces a mellow tone from a long narrow tube that is coiled in a circle before ending in a flaring bell. TubaA large, valved, brass wind instrument with a low pitch. A reed instrument stop in an organ, having eight-foot pitch.EuphoniumA brass wind instrument similar to the tuba but having a somewhat high pitch and a mellower sound.FlugelhornThe could produce only the natural harmonics flugelhorn is a valved play developed in Germany. It has a conical bore. The bugle had no valves and theref ore of the tube.Percussion instrumentsDRUM SETThe first outwit sets were put together in the late 1800s sometime after the invention of the bass drum pedal. This invention made it possible for one person to play several percussion instruments (snare drum, bass drum, and cymbals) at one timeBass gun barrelThis drum is the largest extremity of the set and is played by using a foot pedal attached to a beater which then strikes the drum head. This drum produces a low deep sound.Snare tucker outThis shallow, cylindrical drum produces a sound that is very distinctive to the drum (higher in pitch than the bass drum). The snares,which are bands of metal wires, are pulled across the bottom head of the drum. This produces a buzzing or snapping sound when the drum is struck using a variety of techniques. doorbellBells idler be made from divers(a) materials including clay, glass or metal. It also ranges in shape and size. It may be played by lightly trembling it as in hand bells or by st riking it using a metal or wooden striker or mallet.Bongo DrumAnother type of drum that is more or lessly used in world music is the bongo drum. Bongos are played by striking the fingertips and/or the heel of the hand on the drumhead.CastanetFor some reason I think of chestnuts when I hear the word castanets. True enough the word castanet was derived from the Spanish word castana heart chestnuts. Castanets belong to the clapper family of percussion instruments.Conga DrumA conga drum is another type of percussion instrument belonging to the drum family. It is shaped somewhat like a barrel and is played the same way as the bongo drum. Conga also refers to a form of terpsichore of Afro-Cuban origin. A perfect example is the song Conga by Gloria Estefan.CymbalThe player holds the strap attached to each cymbal and brushes it against each other or clash it together. It can either be held horizontally or vertically and played either loudly or softly depending on the music.GlockenspielG lockenspiels have tuned steel nix or tubes which are struck by the musician using two beaters. The beaters may be made from metal, wood or rubber.GongRe atom that array on NBC during the 70s hosted by Chuck Barris? It was called The Gong Show and its an amateur talent show where the gong was sounded to signal that a contestant was eliminated. Read more to the highest degree the gong.MaracasThe maracas is one of the easiest musical instruments to play you just need to have a sense of rhythm, timing and a flair for shaking. Maracas are made in various materials including plastic and wood and it ranges from the very simple to the most intricate designs.MetallophoneGenerally, metallophones differ from xylophones because the tuned bars which are struck with a mallet are made of metal, then the name metallophones. There are many different kinds of metallophones here we will focus on those which are used by Indonesian gamelan orchestras.TRIANGLEThe trilateral is another commonly used percussion instrument. The instrument is made by bending a steel rod into a triangle shape with an possible action at one corner. It is suspended by a string and struck with a steel beater to produce a tone. The instrument has been used in europium since the 14th century.XYLOPHONEThe xylophone is a mallet percussion instrument. It consists of a set of graduated wooden bars which are hit with mallets to produce a tone. Xylophones were used in Southeast Asia during the 1300s and spread to Africa, Latin America, and Europe.Woodwind InstrumentsSaxophoneThe saxophone is a member of the reed -sounded wind instruments. In its construction, it combines the single reed and mouthpiece of the clarinet, a metal body, and a widened version of the conical bore of the oboe.BassoonThe bassoon is a double reed instrument. It is made up of about eight feet of cylidrical wood tubing. There are four joints in the bassoon the bass joint, the tenor join, the double joint, and the bell joint.ClarinetTh e clarinet, a member of the woodwind family, usually consists of a long tube with a mouthpiece at one end and a bell-shaped opening at the other end. Usually made of wood, the clarinet has tone holes that are cover by small metal leversOboeThe oboe is the smallest and highest fling double reed instrument. It has a cylindrical wooden body with keys along the length of its body. slope HornThe English Horn is part of the oboe family. It is also called an alto oboe because it is tuned one-fifth lower in pitch than an oboe. Its shape is similar to that of an oboe and is often played by the third oboe player in an orchestra.FluteThe flute is the instrument that serves as the soprano voice in most bands, orchestras, and woodwind groups. Most flutes are made of metal and consist chiefly of a tube with a mouthpiece near one end.PiccoloThe piccolo is a type of transverse flute that is pitched an octave above the concert (or standard) flute. It has a range of nearly three octaves and reaches the highest pitches of a modern orchestra. It is usually used for peculiar(a) effects in orchestras but is more widely used in concert and marching bandsString InstrumentsViolinThe violin, which is probably the best known orchestral instrument, is a stringed instrument that is played with a bow. The violin is the highest pitched member of the violin family, which also includes the viola, the cello, and the double bass.ViolaThe viola is the second highest pitched member of the violin family. Ithas four strings tuned to the notes c, g, d, and a. Music for the viola is written in the alto clef. Violas vary in size, although they are always larger and tuned lower than violins.celloThe cello, also known as violoncello, is a stringed instrument which is part of the violin family. It is played with a bow much like the violin. It is also shaped desire a violin but is much larger. The cello is about four feet long and one and a half feet across at its widest part and, therefore, this membe r of the violin family is played sitting downString BassThe double bass (also known as the string bass, bass viol, or contrabass) is the largest and lowest pitched string instrument of the violin family. It is usually six feet high and has four strings.

Migration into the United States Essay Example for Free

Migration into the United States EssayMigration is synonymous with human movement from one place to another in search for come apart living conditions. Migration into the United States is not a new notion as the country owes its historical origin to individuals migrating to America from other parts of the world dictated by various reasons. Some came searching for land to be used in agricultural production, others came in search for education and employment opportunities, others come in search for freedom, whereas others came running away from adversaries within their countries of origin. These are just but a few of the reasons leading to high rates of in-migration to the United States. creation a historical concept, immigration issues have remained part of the unique forces that stretch to shape the United States and this trend is far from over. This paper shall in brief, examine the concept of immigration in the United States and evaluate the current trends in regard to the issue. Immigration, a historical Concept Migration in the United States can be traced bandaging in the 16th one C when immigrants from European countries including Britain, France, Netherlands, and Germany came to the Americas.These immigrants were generally referred to as settlers looking for farm land to boost the fairly impoverished status. These were the individuals who were unable to cope up with the demands of their modernized economies. During this time, a substantial number of individuals came to the United States as indentured servants (Huspek, p 161). Such individuals could then enter into contracts with their employers in order to gain gate into the new world. The indentured servants had to endure spells of hardships and later given a piece of land which allowed them to work as free yeoman farmers (Huspek, p 163).The immigration trends changed during the 19th century when there was massive movement of people to the United States. Immigration to the United States has c ontinued to increase as time goes by and the governing body estimates that there are millions of individuals who come to the United States each year. Of these millions, some usually enter the United States as illegal immigrants whereas others follow the legal procedural requirements (Bracey, p 116). levelheaded immigrants Legal immigrants are defined in law of nature as those individuals who gain admission to changelessly reside in the United States in air with the legal requirements.They are often referred to as green-card holders. According to the Department of Homeland Security Office of Immigration Statistics (OIS), these are aliens who are granted lawful permanent residence (LPR), aliens admitted for lawful permanent residence, immigrants admitted, and admissions (Batalova, para 6). According to the law, there are three categories of legal immigrants which include family reunion, employment sponsorship, and humanitarian based as the grimace of refugees and asylum seekers. One can attain the United States citizenship in two ways which includes arriving as new legal permanent residents or by adjusting the prior status upon gaining entrance to the US so as to become a permanent resident. During the year 2008, there were more than 1. 1 million immigrants being admitted to the US. Legal immigrants can also gain access to the US through the green card lottery established by the Immigration Act of 1990 allowing for immigrant entry from those nations with sad rates of immigration to the US (Batalova, para 9).The graph below reflects the number of immigrants that have been coming to the US from the year 1986 to 2008 Immigrants Admitted to the United States (in thousands) Total and by Type, 1986 to 2008 germ Jeanne Batalova Illegal Immigrants These are defined as the alien population which is not part of the legal residents of the United States. These are individuals who enter the United States without being inspected or they were temporarily admitted but t heir period of stay has since expired.The United States is home for an estimated eleven million illegal immigrants which has caused a major concern to the political class and the world policy analysts (LeMay, p 1). There has been a dramatic rise in the number of illegal immigration into the US since the 70s and this has been attributed to the termination of the Bracero Policy in middle 60s. The Bracero Policy was referred to as the guest-worker program that allowed the American companies to employ Mexicans temporarily for nine months every year in order to address the labor shortages during the 1940s.This program stop in 1964 to pave way to the Immigration Act of 1965 (LeMay, p 4). This program set forth the beginning of a trend that has been persistent for years as much of the illegal immigrants are from Mexico or rather uses the Mexican border with the US to gain entry to the United States (Bracey, p 118). Conclusion Migration is a phenomenon that shall continue to impact on hu man population everywhere in the world. Though migration might be disastrous to the economy especially if left uncontrolled, it is inhumane to seal in out people who would want to exploit their potential elsewhere in a legally defined manner.Every year starting from the 16th century to the present, many individuals have continued to find their way into the United States as immigrants. These individuals comes with a different culture that later becomes assimilated to American way of life creating the mutation that is the major strength of the United States. Immigration is therefore a plausible phenomenon in the United States that is supposed to be guided and encouraged by law as it contributes to making America what it is today. Legal immigration is a welcome move that is destined to continue enriching the American culture making it unique on the international arena.Work Cited Batalova, Jeanne. Spotlight on Legal Immigration to the United States. 2009. Retrieved on 11th May 2010 fr om http//www. migrationinformation. org/Feature/display. cfm? id=730. Bracey, Gerald, W. The Research Impact of Immigration. Phi Delta Kappan, Vol. 80. 1999. pp 115-125. Huspek, Michael. Production of State, Capital, and the great unwashed The Case of Operation Gatekeeper. Social Justice, Vol. 28. 2001. pp 160-165 LeMay, Michael, C. Illegal immigration a reference handbook. 2007. Santa Barbara, Calif. ABC-CLIO.

Public Health System Essay Example for Free

Public Health System EssayHealth policy and entire health care system in both the the States and Great Britain create a core for national quality standards. Dealing with health as a key condition for local and global world activity representatives of medical spheres in these two countries on opposite sides of the ocean have long-term experience which differs greatly in terms of functional, financial, and social issues.Financing. In the UK financing of the industry is done out of taxation paid by passel on regular basis. 130 billion of dollars e really year are spend to cover expenditures of healthcare system profiting out salaries for physicians, facilitating hospitals, providing latest medical technology and word (Hadikin, 2003). British health policy does not require from patients to pay on the scene since it has already been done automatically by their tax procedure.Sometimes those having problems with eyes or teeth will have to pay very small amounts to cover the cost for particular tests. However, such co-payments are not public in the UK and are cover by government for special fellowship layers including aged and young people, special patients with chronic diseases, etc. The state pays directly to doctors and cover fees for a wide range of hospital services (Hawkes, 2007).In the the States payments for healthcare are done through private insurance system. Many believe that British system is much convenient since patients receive free at the point of service medical treatment. American healthcare sector is employee-employer based (54%) with partial governmental funding (46%) for the poor, the disabled, Native Americans, and elderly adults.Average American spends annually approximately $6,400 for healthcare where $2,880 is covered by government, $2,675 by private insurance, and more than $800 paid directly to doctors or otherwise additional services. Unlike the US with universe equal to more than 302 million people, the UK with its 61 millio n of citizens spends $2,720 each year to be confident in high-quality medical treatment. Described in detail, $2,370 are covered by British government received through national taxation and other $350 go directly from patients for extra services required (Sultz Young, 2008).Challenges. Over years health policy in Great Britain has been facing significant obstacles in its strive for providing high-quality national medical service. First of all, referable to the feature that all cost having to do with healthcare are covered through taxation without going directly to doctors on daily basis physicians tend to be less(prenominal) efficient. On the other hand being confident in that medical system is paid for by the government people with light complaints which can be tardily treated at home with help of drugs purchased in the nearest drugstore immediately make an appointment unreasonably disturbing physicians who may have very urgent problems to take care of.Also, being structurally located chthonic the government health policy in the UK must follow the rules set from above. Thats why if the government representatives decide that specific drug is cost-ineffective they may choose not to cover such medications. It is especially true for drugs against cancer which have always been extremely expensive with only several month effect and certain plastic surgeries which are considered to be addition features of healthcare and may never be crucial to health (Hawkes, 2007).Sadly enough, Great Britain tends to keep young people and those less than eighty years old in focus. The thing is that significant estimate of people in their eighties tend to be seriously ill whereas average life expectancy in Britain reaches 79. Unlike the US, where doctors do their best to ransom people no matter how old they are, English government refers to limited financing and figure of able-bodied people who have the potential but invite treatment. Unfortunately, anti-cancer treatment costs a lot and in majority of cases prolongs life of an aged person for couple of months only.In the UK National Institute for Health and clinical Excellence is authorized to decide whether specific drug in particular case is worth to be covered and normally they conclude that it is not. One more problem encountered by health policy in Britain again has to do with money issue. Governments have specific amount of money to spend annually on a person who has health problems. However, costs for drugs and medical treatment are constantly escalating and quality of service, therefore, is gradually dropping making this proportion more and more blurred (Hawkes, 2007).The biggest challenge for American citizen regarding health policy is a necessity to pay bills for all services they receive including various tests, prescriptions, visits to physicians, etc. Regardless of the fact that this tradition has a long-term history it has caused enormous inequity between the rich and the poor. Having created two healthcare bodies called Medicare and Medicaid which handle financial issues of old and poor people accordingly, they are far from being perfect.Firstly, people with fellow membership in one of these institutions should go through never-ending bureaucratic procedures that require time and effort expensive for both aged people and low-income society representatives. Secondly, having received long-awaited registration they are provided only with basic services and typically have almost no filling while selecting doctors and hospitals (Barr Dowding, 2008).In terms of care organization any insurance-based system including American one provides care upon request. For instance, when a person gets heart attack s/he is transported to the hospital, receives necessary medical treatment, and post-traumatic prescription. In Great Britain similar procedures are planned in advance. Thus, British doctors should calculate how many beds for what kinds of patients should be provided, how much vaccine should be purchased to immunize specific number of people and so on.Both American and British health policies have one thing in common having to do with technical issues of the system. Speaking about answer times, neither of these states has a set regulation regarding standard response time applicable to all locations under any conditions.There exist certain agreed rules between providers of emergency service and official authorities that instruct required response times. Significant number of these regulations, however, have to do with private emergency service providers who cover only small portions of society. Both Americans and British have concluded that every location passim these two countries should be provided with 8-minute medical help. (Davis, 2005)Irrelevant of the absence of set rules regarding response times cardiac arrests are considered to be the most urgent and demanding emergency calls in entire emergency service system. Majority of people who ex perience cardiac arrest should be provided with proper treatment including electric shock with ALS noise within the first minutes. Figures show, that the sooner the ambulance arrives the more chances it has to save the patient from permanent brain death and irreversible processes which start occurring in human body shortly after the cardiac arrest. It happens on very rare occasions that the person survives receiving help within more than ten minutes. (Davis, 2005)Taking apart from cardiac arrest, response times for normal emergency calls that have to do with physical injuries or wide range of attacks vary from 12 to 14 minutes. Specifically, Wales show the worst impart ever obtained in Great Britain in terms of response time and emergency service. According to recent statistics average Welsh emergency service provider arrives not earlier than 20 minutes after the emergency call. British authorities claim that it is totally unthinkable to demonstrate such low act and that this pa rt should be immediately improved. (Brindley, 2008)In conclusion it would be appropriately to note that both health policies have their advantages and drawbacks as basically any other system. The following table highlights key features of American and British healthcare sectorsHealth policy in the UKHealth policy in the USAAdvantagesDrawbacksAdvantagesDrawbacksEvery member of society is provided with medical careRandom cases of poor quality service due taxation payments as opposed to direct onesBetter consumer choice provided due higher cost for medical servicesOnly insured ones get the best service and treatmentBecause of sufficient NHS funds treatment and drugs cost lessSome misuse medical treatment due to longing for communication and company (especially old people)Active implementation of latest technological equipment and scientific innovations in medical sphereMany retired people choose to work since its the only way to receive medical insurancePatients receive decent treatmen t regardless of their age, social status, or level of incomeMany claim they do not receive the right to choose a hospital or a doctor they likePatients visit hospital only in cases when it is really necessary, reasonable, or urgent bells for medical treatment and drugs are higher because of debates and policy on governmental levelsReferencesBarr, J., Dowding, L. (2008). Leadership in Health Care. London SAGE Ltd.Breen, N., Woods, J., Bury, G., Murphy A. Brazier, H. (1999). A national census of ambulance response times to emergency calls in Ireland. journal of Accident Emergency Medicine, 17, 392-395. doi10.1136/emj.17.6.392Brindley, M. (2008). Ambulance Response Times Worst In UK. Retrieved March 20, 2009, from WalesOnline Health News Web site http//www.walesonline.co.uk/news/health-news/2008/06/20/ambulance-response-times-worst-in-uk-91466-21109781/Davis, R. (2005). The Price Of Just A Few Seconds Lost People Die. Retrieved March 21, 2009, from USA Today Web site http//www.usato day.com/news/nation/ems-day2-cover.htmHadikin, R. (2003). Effective Coaching in Healthcare. London Books for Midwives.Hawkes, N. (2007). NHSs Advantages And Shortcomings. Retrieved March 20, 2009, from Frontline Web site http//www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/sickaroundtheworld/interviews/hawkes.htmlSultz, H., Young, K. (2008). Health Care USA Understanding Its Organization and Delivery. New York Jones Bartlett Publishers

What Are The Motivations Of Dark Tourists?

What Are The motivations Of Dark Tourists?On the 27th of April 2008, Josef Fritzl was arrested in Amstetten, a sm solely town in Austria. It has shown that Fritzl sexu whollyy abused his daughter, Elisabeth, since she was cardinal years old. When she was eighteen years old he locked her up in the basement underneath his domiciliate. Fritzl forced his daughter Elisabeth to write a letter to her mystify where she stated that she had run away from home and joined a sect. The sexual abuse led to the birth of seven children. Three of these children were raised by Elisabeth in the basement and the other three were raised by Fritzl and his wife. One of the children died a few days after it was born. Furtherto a greater extent, Fritzl convinced his wife that the three children they raised were undefended by Elisabeth. When one of the children that lived in the basement, the at that while nineteen-year-old Kersten, got ill Elisabeth convinced her father that she needed to be hospitalize d. Because Kersten was non registered anywhere, one of the doctors informed the authorities. After this, Elisabeth power saw a program on the television in her basement that made a call up for the mother of Kersten. Then she convinced her father to commence her to the hospital, which led to the hearings of Fritzl and Elisabeth and the confessions of the cruelties that took place. After twenty-four years Elisabeth was freed from the basement and reunited with all her children (Wikipedia, 2010).This affair has received rattling(a) attention in the media and therefore the slip is known all over the world. The affaire encompasses a unnameable and shameful episode on a national and local basis. Furthermore, the kinsfolk of Fritzl has become a touring caric attraction. Amstetten is dealing with an change magnitude amount of tourists that come to manducate the place. When tourists overthrow the house, they often take photos of the house and of themselves in front of it. The art icles on the internet show that the local authorities acquire this shocking (HLN, 2010). The phenomenon that people visit places that are associated with closing, suffering and violence can be expound as pitch-black tourism. Thanatourism is a similar concept and overly involves the visiting of locations associated with death and suffering, but an emphasis is placed upon symbolically experiencing a painful death. A nonher related concept is black drifter, which can be described as commercial cemeteries of famous people or locations where death and suffering took place. The house of Fritzl belongs to much(prenominal) places and visiting this location fits the description of off-key tourism and thanatourism. The house of Fritzl, where the abuse and cruelties took place, can be seen as a symbolic reflection of this affaire and its tragic events. Furthermore, the house serves as a tangible object that invokes the computer memory of the Fritzl-affaire (Yull, 2003 10-13 Logan en R eeves, 2009 1-3 Rojek, 1993 136). The phenomenon that people visit the house of Fritzl inspired me to formulate the following seek question What are the motivations of dark tourists? The case of the house of J. Fritzl in Amstetten. It is interest to find out why tourists visit the house, if the media attention has played a role in the decision of people to visit the house and if certain characteristics, such as age and gender, affect the motivation of these visitors. The case of Fritzl sallys a fascinating and recent case to go more in-depth into the motivations of dark tourists.Scientific and Social relevancyThe scientific relevance of this enquiry question lies in the fact that the subject of dark tourism is relatively new within the academic field. Several articles do been published on this topic, but as Stone (2006) presss despite this increasing attention the dark tourism literature remains both eclectic and hypothetic fragile (Stone, 2006 145). Some enquiryers prevail a lready focused on visitor motivations of dark tourist targets. For example, Yull (2003) investigated why people visit the Holocaust Museum in Houston. However, agree to Stone (2006) and Sharpley (2009) research first and foremost has focused on describing the different dark tourist sites, rather than on the consumption and suffers of visitors. This research ordain brook to the understanding of visitor participation in dark tourism by taking the visitors of the house of Fritzl as the focal point of this research. Furthermore, the existing research has not focused on the motivations of visitors to dark tourist sites, comparable to the house of Fritzl and therefore this research ordaining add to and fill the gap in the existing literature. The tender relevance of this research is harder to determine. However, finding out what the motivations of visitors are, mogul provide useful and relevant information for directly involved parties, other than the scientific community. For ex ample, this information could offer the local community of Amstetten and (in)direct victims of this case a better understanding of what is going on and with what actors people visit this site of horror. For example visitors dexterity be motivate to visit this place to pay respect to the victims or rally the cruelties that took place, instead of entertainment purposes. Furthermore, the results of this research could even be relevant to society as a whole, since dark sites similar to the house of Fritzl seem to increasingly pop up and attract visitors world-wide. This research seeks to provide insights into why people are motivated to visit these morbid locations.Theoretical Concepts and Hypothesized RelationsAs mentioned previously, several theoretical concepts are related to the phenomenon where people visit places associated with pain, death and suffering. Academic attention to this phenomenon increased in the twentieth century and several theoretical concepts were introduced. These concepts are black spots (Rojek, 1993), dark tourism (Lennon and Foley, 1996 in Yull, 2003) and thanatourism (Seaton, 1996 in Sharpley, 2009). These dark concepts will be curtly discussed in a more or less chronicle order, based on introduction in the literature. Another concept of importance for this research is visitor motivations (Sharpley, 2009 12-15).Dark ConceptsBlack SpotsRojek (1993) coined the term black spots and argues that these locations involve commercial cemeteries of famous people or sites where death and suffering took place. In his research, Rojek (1993) to a fault mentions that people increasingly visit these dark sites and that entrepreneurs initiate tours more or less these black spots. Examples of black spots are the concentration camp Auschwitz-Birkenau in Oswiecim-Brzezinka, Ground set in New York and the location where Princess Diana got killed in a car crash (Rojek, 1993 136-145).Dark touristry and ThanatourismVisiting places associated with deat h, pain and suffering is becoming increasingly popular. However, Sharpley (2009) argues that this is not a new phenomenon. In the Roman Empire, it was a common form of entertainment to attend a gladiators match. Another example are the public executions in the Middle Ages. Traveling to places where death and suffering are central elements can be defined as dark tourism. Furthermore, it involves consuming real or phony places of death and horror. Visiting these places where actual cruelties took place by relatives or friends of the victims cannot be seen as a form of dark tourism. Thanatourism is a concept which strongly relates to dark tourism and was introduced in the literature in the same year as dark tourism. Thanatourism entails the visiting of locations associated with death and suffering, where visitors want to symbolically experience a painful death. This description points more to the motivations of visitors of dark sites. However, the term dark tourism is usually used in the academic field and no distinction is made betwixt the concepts dark tourism and thanatourism. Therefore, I will use the term dark tourism in this research and make no difference between dark tourism and thanatourism (Lennon en Foley, 2000 3-5 Yull, 2003 10, 11 Sharpley, 2009 3-19). Dark tourism involves the actual visiting of black spots. There are different black spots which are visited workaday by tourists and therefore belong to sites of dark tourism. Furthermore, several tours are initiated around dark sites. Commercial motives, in terms of entrance fees, are often involved. Examples are the Jack the Ripper tour in London or the tour in Charleroi which shows you, among other dark sites, the house of the famous kidnapper and child molester Marc Dutroux. Visiting morbid museums, old prisons or battle field fall also under the category dark tourism. As discussed previously, the house of Fritzl fits the description of a black spots and increasingly attracts visitors. This rese arch seeks to understand the motivations of these visitors (Stone, 2006 145, 146, 152 HLN, 2010).visitant MotivationsFor this research it is necessary to intromit visitor motivations as a theoretical concept. Motivations of individuals to visit regular tourist places take on getting acquainted with other cultures and increase ones knowledge close these locations. Furthermore, motivations often involve entertainment purposes, such as having fun or seeking adventure. Relaxation, revitalization, beingness active and get close to nature are also common incentives to visit a certain location (Kozak, 2002 225). However, these motivations of regular touristic locations might differ from motivations of tourists that visit black spots. Unfortunately, few literature is available that focus on visitor motivations of dark tourists. The literature that is accessible, uses similar research questions to the one is used in this research. Yull (2003) canvas the motivations of dark tourists and focused more particular propositionally on the motivations of visitors of the Holocaust Museum in Houston. Niemel (2010) focused on visitor motivations of the House of Terror museum in Budapest. This museum is built to remember the tortured and killed people during World War II. In addition, Poria, Reichel and Biran (2006) chose to investigate the motivations of the visitors of the Anne Frank House in Amsterdam. Although the dark tourist locations used in these researches are museums associated with death and suffering and therefore differ from the dark site that is used in this research, similar motivations may be found. If different motivations are found, it could be argued that this difference is babelike on the specific dark tourist site. According to Yull (2003), motivations of dark tourist could involve entertainment purposes, such as providing a thrill, a novel experience or adventure. Furthermore, remembering the victims and the cruelties that took place or curiosity can a lso be motivations of tourist that visit the house of Fritzl. Although education might be more suitable as a motivation to visit a museum associated with death and suffering, individuals can also visit the house of Fritzl to learn something. For example, visitors might want to better their knowledge around the Fritzl-affaire. In addition, Niemel (2010) argues that emotional involvement might also play a role in the motivations of dark tourists. Visitors might identify or have a personal connection with the cruelties that took place. Moreover, Poria, Reichel and Biran (2006) include two more motivations tourists might visit a dark site, because it is famous or because they feel that the site is historically important (Yull, 2003 146-159, 191-199 Niemel, 2010 37 Poria, Reichel and Biran, 2006 322). The media play an important role within the field of dark tourism. The media can report tragic events that take place all over the world. The attention that the media pay to tragic and ho rrible events serve as a stimulation for flows of tourism. Furthermore, media has the capacity to bring dark tourism sites to public ken (Yull, 2003 125). Additionally, Lennon and Foley (2000) argue that the attention of the media to specific dark sites, might motivate individuals to visit the location in order to experience the reality behind the media representations. Since, the Fritzl-affaire received tremendous attention in the media, it will be likely that this attention has an influence on the motivation of visitors (Stone, 2009 57 Seaton, 2009 90 95, 106 Lennon and Foley, 2000 152).Operationalization of Theoretical ConceptsIn this section, the operationalization of the theoretical concepts will be discussed. To answer the question What are the motivations of dark tourists? The case of the house of J. Fritzl in Amstetten, I will conduct qualitative semi-structured interviews1with visitors of the house of Fritzl in Amstetten. This implies that a topic list will be made, consis ting of topics that will be addressed in the interview. However, the order in which the topics will be discussed is not fixed and if necessary, the interviewer will probe for more information and adapt to new themes that are brought up by the interviewees. Furthermore, the interviewer can adapt to the level of comprehension of the respondents. The questions will be open, which authority that no answer categories will be made (t Hart, Boeije and Hox, 2007 274, 275 Gilbert, 2001 123, 124). Several topics that will be addressed in the interview are outlined. First of all, it is important to include demographic factors of the visitors, such as age, the country the interviewee lives in and the highest obtained level of education (primary school or less, secondary school, intermediate vocational training, higher vocational training, college or post graduate). Furthermore, the gender of the respondent will be noted during the interview. These demographic factors are included, because they are important background variables and might affect the motivations people have to visit the house of Fritzl.Other topics that will be included will focus upon the motivations of visitors of the house of Fritzl in Amstetten. It will be gather uped what attracted the visitors to visit Amstetten and what their primary power is for visiting this town. I will seek to explore whether visitors come specifically for the house or if they have other motives or more than one reason to visit this town. Then, I will focus on the topic of why people visit the house of Fritzl. Although, similar answers to the research on dark tourist motivations described above maybe found, such as entertainment, curiosity, remembrance of the victims and cruelties that took place, emotional involvement, historical importance of the site or its fame, unexpected answers also need to be taken into account. Furthermore, it is essential to go in-depth into the answers and ask for further elaboration if necessary. A dditionally, it needs to be explored whether visitors have multiple motivations to visit the house of Fritzl. Seeking to understand motivations of visitors of the house of Fritzl, demands for adapting to possible unexpected answers and the skills to react to this situation adequately. Furthermore, the role of the media will be addressed. Central themes will be, whether visitors are familiar with and interested in the Fritzl-affaire, if they have followed the case in the news, documentaries or on the internet. This will seek to explore whether media attention to the Fritzl-affaire affects the tourists in their motivation to visit the house. Next, I will focus upon if the visitors have previously visited other dark locations, where cruelties have taken place. It will be interesting to find out if there is a relationship between visiting the house of Fritzl and other dark locations and if we are dealing with tourists that have an interest in visiting dark sites in general.Plan for Data CollectionFor this research, the visitors of the house of Fritzl in Amstetten are the objects of study. Hence, it is necessary to come into contact with these visitors. For this research I make out to use qualitative semi-standardized interviews to answer the research question. Qualitative methods are used when a certain research topic is relatively new and unexplored. Furthermore, qualitative methods offer the possibility to go more in-depth into specific aspects of a certain phenomenon. Baarda, de Goede and van der Meer-Middelburg (1996) argue that qualitative interviews are a suitable method when ideas, motivations, opinions and experiences need to be investigated. Since this research seeks to explore the motivations of visitors of the house of Fritzl in Amstetten, it fits this description (t Hart et al. 2007 253 Baarda et al. 1996 18-20). I choose to use semi-structured, one-to-one interviews. This implies that topics will be formulated and addressed in the interview. Besides demographic questions, specific questions, answer categories or the order of the questions will not be fixed in advance. This gives the interviewer the opportunity to probe for more information if necessary or reflexively respond to new themes that might be brought up. This reflexive snuggle is essential, since motivations of dark tourists is relatively unexplored, especially in regard to locations comparable to the house of Fritzl. This may result in unexpected answers to be brought up. When standardized methods are used, this will not be possible. One-to-one interviews are used, because the interviewees will not be influenced by the opinions of others and may give them the feeling to speak more openly about their motivation(s). Furthermore, confidentiality and anonymity of the info will be guaranteed (Baarda et al., 1996 18-24, 26-28 t Hart et al. 2007 254, 261, 262, 267 Gilbert, 2001 123-129). To interview the research participants of this research it is necessary to go to Amst etten, which is roughly a nine hour drive from Rotterdam. I will spend three days around the house of Fritzl and I will approach the visitors that come by. I will ask them if they are willing to participate in this research. This research requires purposive sampling, because I assume that only a small group of visitors of the house of Fritzl is accessible in these three days and this group will be likely to represent the visitors as a whole. Furthermore, using a probability sample is often unreal for small-scale or qualitative research (Gilbert, 2001 62). The duration of the interview will be approximately twenty minutes and the amount of interviewees will depend on the willingness to participate. The aim will be to conduct ten to twenty interviews. Furthermore, the interviews will be recorded. Gilbert (2001) argues that recording is recommendable, especially when conducting non-standardized or semi-structured interviews. This, because this type of carrying out interviews requires an active participation of the interviewer within the conversation. By recording the interview, the entropy habitude be lost and in contrast to making notes it wont obstruct or in arrears down the dialogue. It also signals that the responses of the respondents are taking seriously. Of course, the use of recording will be explained to the interviewees and their approval will be asked. Directly after the interview, notes will be made about the setting, the interview and the interviewee which can be used to recall the context of the particular interview (t Hart et al. 2007 268-270 Gilbert, 2001 61-63, 135-137).Plan for Data AnalysisWhen the data is collected, the analysis of the data will begin. First of all, the recorded interviews will be verbatim transcribed. I choose to write down everything that is said, because then data wont get lost that might be of significance when the research progresses. Although, transcribing everything is time-consuming and labor-intensive, the low qua ntity of interviews makes it possible to do so. Furthermore, transcribing the data allows you to get familiar with the data and it helps facilitating thoughts and ideas about possible connections and underlying themes. Before analyzing, the transcripts will be checked by listening to the recordings once more and by carefully reading the pen text. The demographic characteristics of the respondents will be shown on the first page of the transcripts. After this, I will offer the transcript to the respondents, so that accuracy can be checked and comments can be made. This improves reliability and validity of the answers (Gilbert, 2001 134-137). The transcripts will be read repeatedly with the aim to identify underlying themes and connections. By comparing and differentiate fragments within interviews and between interviews, fragments with an underlying connection will be categorized and labeled. Furthermore, it will show whether the earlier described motivations are found in the trans cripts, or if new themes will be discovered. Similarities and dissimilarities between different respondents may emerge and might relate to their demographic characteristics. Eventually, the codified themes will be linked and compared to swallow a full picture of the motivations of visitors of the house of Fritzl in Amstetten and answer the research question (Gilbert, 2001 137, 138 t Hart et al. 2007 176, 277).DiscussionGilbert (2008) describes six properties that a research question should have. The research question should be interesting, relevant, concise, answerable, feasible and honorable. For this research it is necessary to address two of these properties more in-depth, which are the feasibility of this research and its ethical dimensions. The research question, What are the motivations of dark tourists? The case of the house of J. Fritzl in Amstetten, is feasible to the extent that it can be answered within a relatively short period of time and with relatively low costs. Fur thermore, the research participants are accessible. However, the search for visitors of the house of Fritzl might show difficulties. For this research I will spend three days around the house of Fritzl and approach the tourists that will visit the house. However, it is possible that on these particular days there will be no visitors at all. Consequently, finding research participants might be time-consuming and unpleasant (Gilbert, 2008 48). According to Gilbert (2008), it is of importance to take into account the ethical dimensions of a research question. While no specific approval is needed from institutions to conduct this research, this research involves a certain sensitivity. The reason for this, is that this study focuses upon an affair where people suffered and were mistreated. Therefore, this affair is sensitive to victims or relatives of these victims. Furthermore, this case might be sensitive to the neighboring residents or the whole community of Amstetten. Spending three days in front of the house of Fritzl to gather the research participants might be offensive to the residents. For example, they might be upset or feel that their privacy is violated. Consequently, it is necessary to work with discretion. Eventual publication of this research also involves ethical implications. Publication might cause harm to the different parties involved (Gilbert, 2008 48, 49 Gilbert, 2001 49-53). A last brief comment I would like to make is about the weaknesses ofLiteratureBaarda, D.B., de Goede, M.P.M. van der Meer-Middelburg, A.G.E. 1996. Basisboek Open Interviewen. Groningen Stenfert Kroese.Gilbert, N. 2001. Researching Social Life (2nd edition). London Sage Publications.Gilbert, N. 2008. Researching Social Life (3d edition). London Sage Publications.t Hart, H., Boeije, H. Hox, J. 2007. Onderzoeksmethoden. Amsterdam Boom onderwijs.Kozak, M. 2003. comparative degree analysis of tourist motivations by nationality and destinations. Tourism Management 23, 221-232 .Lennon, J.J. Foley, M. 2000. Dark Tourism The Attraction of Death and Disaster. 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